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variable charge

A solid surface carrying a net electrical charge which may be positive, negative, or zero, depending on the activity of one or more species of a potential-determining ions in the solution phase contacting the surface. For minerals and other materials common in soils(e.g. soil organic matter, and oxides), the potential-determining ion usually is H+ or OH-, but any ion that forms a complex with the surface may be potential-determining.

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  • Bob Adams
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