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print-through

With respect to magnetically recorded data, especially tape-recorded data (analog or digital,) the unintentional transfer of data from one physical location to another by virtue of prolonged, intimate physical contact of the recording media. Note 1: Print-through is probably most commonly encountered when magnetic tape, stored on reels (including cassettes,) is left for prolonged periods without being intentionally disturbed. Data (magnetic disturbances) may then be transferred between layers of tape. Note 2: The effects of print-through may, in the case of magnetic tapes, be minimized by rewinding them at timely intervals. Note 3: The effects of print-through are most serious in analog recordings. Digital recordings may be equally affected in terms of the magnitude of the disturbance caused by print-through, but its effects may usually be eliminated altogether and the original data recovered essentially without errors. This may be accomplished by the simple expedient of reading the data from the affected medium, e.g., tape, with the threshold for declaring a "one" or "mark" being above the level that is manifest from print-through, and re-recording the data onto a clean recording medium. Analog recordings may not be so treated because there is no prior knowledge of the structure of the recorded signal.

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