Independent agency which implements social programs, including federal old-age pensions and disability insurance. Social Security was established in 1944, and was later placed under the Department of Health and Human Services. An independent agency as of March 31, 1995, the Social Security Administration is become a large organization. Funding for its programs has been a major source of controversy, especially in the debate over balancing the budget. Although many politicians from different backgrounds agree that the funding and administration of Social Security programs need to be reform, they have not been able to agree on the best manner and result of such reforms.