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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
One of the western boundary currents of the Atlantic Ocean and part of the pathway for water from the Southern into the Northern Hemisphere in the global ocean conveyor belt. Flowing northward along the coast of northern Brazil with speeds up to 0. 8 m s<sup>−1</sup>, it originates from the South Equatorial Current and continues as the Guyana Current.
Industry:Weather
A band of eastward flow between the westward flowing North and South Equatorial Currents. The location and strength of the NECC is determined by the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) of the atmosphere. In the Pacific Ocean it is strongest in May–January when it flows between 5° and 10°N with 0. 4–0. 6 m s<sup>−1</sup>; in February–April it is restricted to 4°–6°N with speeds below 0. 2 m s<sup>−1</sup> and disappears east of 110°W. In the Atlantic Ocean the NECC is observed between 5° and 10°N with speeds of 0. 1–0. 3 m s<sup>−1</sup>; it is strongest during August when it flows from South America into the Gulf of Guinea and weakest in February when it is restricted to the region east of 20°W. In the Indian Ocean the NECC exists during the northeast monsoon season only and is then the only countercurrent; it is therefore mostly called the Equatorial Countercurrent. It is centered on 5°S, again the location of the ITCZ.
Industry:Weather
The broad region of uniform westward flow that forms the southern part of the Northern Hemisphere subtropical gyres driven by the trade winds. Being directly wind driven, the NEC responds quickly to variations in the wind field and is therefore strongest in winter (February). In the Atlantic Ocean it is found between 8° and 30°N with speeds of 0. 1–0. 3 m s<sup>−1</sup>. In the Pacific Ocean it has similar speed but is limited to 8°–20°N. In the Indian Ocean it exists only during December–April when the northeast monsoon produces the same wind forcing as the Northern Hemisphere trade winds. It then runs as a narrow current of 0. 3 m s<sup>−1</sup> from Malacca Strait to Sri Lanka where it bends southward and accelerates in the region 60°–75°E to 0. 5–0. 8 m s<sup>−1</sup> between 2°S and 5°N and continues along the equator.
Industry:Weather
تغذية جنوبا التدفق الحالي على طول الساحل الكوري الشمالي من "ليمان الحالية". وتجتمع في 37 ° –38 ° N في "الشرق الكورية الحارة الحالية" إنشاء "الجبهة القطبية القطب الشمالي" لبحر اليابان. هو مصدر اليابان منتصف "البحر الباردة الحالية"، التي تسحب الماء منه على طول طريقها تعزيز الجبهة القطبية عبر على طول بحر اليابان.
Industry:Weather
درجة الذي نقطة على سطح الأرض في جميع النواحي خاضعة لنفوذ البحر؛ على عكس كونتينينتاليتي. أوسينيسيتي وعادة ما يشير إلى المناخ وآثاره. مقياس واحد لهذه الخاصية هي نسبة الترددات من البحرية إلى أنواع الكتلة الهوائية القارية.
Industry:Weather
الرموز رياضية التي تقف لعملية معينة بناء على متغير أو دالة. راجع المشغل الخطي، ديل المشغل، المشغل Laplacian.
Industry:Weather
Mathematical operation that is used to describe the imperfect response or resolution of an instrument or a measurement.
For example, the time response of a linear system to an input function is described by
<center>[[File:ams2001glos-Ce39.gif
Industry:Weather
A relationship between surface fluxes and state of the air in the mid mixed layer, which applies to situations where convective thermals are causing nonlocal transport vertically in the atmospheric boundary layer.
The kinematic flux ''F<sub>S</sub>'' of variable ''S'' is
<center>[[File:ams2001glos-Ce35.gif
Industry:Weather
السائل في زوج من سوائل قابلة للامتزاج له زاوية اتصال مع سطح صلب أكبر من 90°. وهو السائل مع تقارب أقل على سطح صلب.
Industry:Weather
1. Referring to a normal distribution. 2. Regular or typical in the sense of lying within the limits of common occurrence, but sometimes denoting a unique value, as a measure of central tendency. Either sense presupposes a stable probability distribution. 3. As usually used in meteorology, the average value of a meteorological element over any fixed period of years that is recognized as a standard for the country and element concerned. Often erroneously interpreted by the general public as meaning the weather patterns that one should expect. In the broadest sense, “normals” should consist of a suite of descriptive statistics, including measures of central tendency (e. G. , mean, median), range (e. G. , standard deviation, interquartile range, extremes), variation, and frequency of occurrence. At the International Meteorological Conference at Warsaw in 1935, the years 1901–30 were selected as the international standard period for normals. Recommended international usage is to recalculate the normals at the end of every decade using the preceding 30 years. This practice is used to take account of the slow changes in climate and to add more recently established stations to the network with observed normals. Normals should be based on actual observations if available; otherwise a recognized method should be used to “reduce” shorter series to the normal period by comparison with neighboring stations. Recognized methods of adjusting for inhomogeneities should be used to account for breaks or gradual changes introduced into the data record by changes in the hours of observation, in the observational practices, in the site or instruments used, or by a gradual change in the character of the surrounding country, such as the growth of a city. The years covered by a normal should always be clearly stated, since averages for different periods of the same length are rarely the same. See climatological standard normals.
Industry:Weather
