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A gene, one or more forms of which is associated with cancer. Many oncogenes are involved, directly or indirectly, in controlling the rate of cell growth..
Industry:Biology
A noncellular biological entity that can reproduce only within a host cell. Viruses consist of nucleic acid covered by protein; some animal viruses are also surrounded by membrane. Inside the infected cell, the virus uses the synthetic capability of the host to produce progeny virus.
See also: cloning vector.
Industry:Biology
Common bacterium that has been studied intensively by geneticists because of its small genome size, normal lack of pathogenicity, and ease of growth in the laboratory..
Industry:Biology
A family tree diagram that shows how a particular genetic trait or disease has been inherited.
See also: inherit.
Industry:Biology
Cell or organism with membrane-bound, structurally discrete nucleus and other well-developed subcellular compartments. Eukaryotes include all organisms except viruses, bacteria, and bluegreen algae.
See also: prokaryote, chromosome.
Industry:Biology
Two or more amino acids joined by a bond called a "peptide bond."
See also: polypeptide.
Industry:Biology
A nitrogenous base, one member of the base pair AT (adenine-thymine).
See also: base pair, nucleotide.
Industry:Biology
The physical characteristics of an organism or the presence of a disease that may or may not be genetic.
See also: genotype.
Industry:Biology
Difference in DNA sequence among individuals that may underlie differences in health. Genetic variations occurring in more than 1% of a population would be considered useful polymorphisms for genetic linkage analysis.
See also: mutation.
Industry:Biology
Each generation of offspring has increased severity of a genetic disorder; e.g., a grandchild may have earlier onset and more severe symptoms than the parent, who had earlier onset than the grandparent.
See also: additive genetic effects, complex trait.
Industry:Biology
