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One of the serially aligned beads or granules of a eukaryotic chromosome, resulting from local coiling of a continuous DNA thread..
Industry:Biology
Small cellular components composed of specialized ribosomal RNA and protein; site of protein synthesis.
See also: RNA.
Industry:Biology
An unordered collection of clones (i.e., cloned DNA from a particular organism) whose relationship to each other can be established by physical mapping.
See also: genomic library, arrayed library.
Industry:Biology
The proximity of two or more markers (e.g., genes, RFLP markers) on a chromosome; the closer the markers, the lower the probability that they will be separated during DNA repair or replication processes (binary fission in prokaryotes, mitosis or meiosis in eukaryotes), and hence the greater the probability that they will be inherited together..
Industry:Biology
Chromosome segments that have been turned 180 degrees. The gene sequence for the segment is reversed with respect to the rest of the chromosome..
Industry:Biology
Where alleles occur together more often than can be accounted for by chance. Indicates that the two alleles are physically close on the DNA strand.
See also: Mendelian inheritance.
Industry:Biology
The self-replicating genetic structure of cells containing the cellular DNA that bears in its nucleotide sequence the linear array of genes. In prokaryotes, chromosomal DNA is circular, and the entire genome is carried on one chromosome. Eukaryotic genomes consist of a number of chromosomes whose DNA is associated with different kinds of proteins..
Industry:Biology
A chromosomal segment that branches off from the rest of the chromosome but is still connected by a thin filament or stalk..
Industry:Biology
A map of the relative positions of genetic loci on a chromosome, determined on the basis of how often the loci are inherited together. Distance is measured in centimorgans (cM)..
Industry:Biology
